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Bowa ndi odabwitsa chifukwa cha mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ma polysaccharide olemera kwambiri omwe amapanga, ndipo ma polyglycans a bioactive amapezeka m'malo onse a bowa. Ma polysaccharides amaimira ma macromolecules osiyanasiyana achilengedwe okhala ndi mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana a physiochemical. Ma polysaccharides osiyanasiyana achotsedwa mu thupi la zipatso, spores, ndi mycelia wa lingzhi; amapangidwa ndi mafangasi a mycelia omwe amamera mu fermenters ndipo amatha kusiyanasiyana m'magulu awo a shuga ndi peptide komanso kulemera kwa mamolekyulu (mwachitsanzo, ganoderans A, B, ndi C). G. lucidum polysaccharides (GL-PSs) akunenedwa kuti akuwonetsa mitundu yambiri ya bioactivities. Ma polysaccharides nthawi zambiri amachokera ku bowa pochotsa ndi madzi otentha ndikutsatiridwa ndi mvula ndi ethanol kapena kupatukana kwa membrane.

Kusanthula kwamapangidwe a GL-PSs kukuwonetsa kuti glucose ndiye gawo lawo lalikulu la shuga. Komabe, GL-PS ndi heteropolymers ndipo ingakhalenso ndi xylose, mannose, galactose, ndi fucose muzosiyana zosiyana, kuphatikizapo 1-3, 1-4, ndi 1-6-zolumikizana ndi β ndi α-D (kapena L) -zolowa m'malo.

Nthambi zofananira ndi kusungunuka kwake zimanenedwa kuti zimakhudza mphamvu za antitumorigenic za ma polysaccharides awa. Bowawu ulinso ndi matrix a polysaccharide chitin, omwe nthawi zambiri sagawika ndi thupi la munthu ndipo ndi gawo lina lomwe limayambitsa kuuma kwa thupi la bowa . Zokonzekera zambiri zoyeretsedwa za polysaccharide zotengedwa ku G. lucidum tsopano zikugulitsidwa ngati mankhwala osagulitsika.

Terpenes ndi gulu la zinthu zomwe zimachitika mwachilengedwe zomwe mafupa ake a kaboni amakhala ndi mayunitsi amodzi kapena angapo a isoprene C5 . Zitsanzo za terpenes ndi menthol (monoterpene) ndi β-carotene (tetraterpene). Ambiri ndi ma alkenes, ngakhale ena ali ndi magulu ena ogwira ntchito, ndipo ambiri ndi ozungulira.

Ma Triterpenes ndi gulu laling'ono la terpenes ndipo ali ndi mafupa oyambira a C30. Kawirikawiri, ma triterpenoids ali ndi zolemera za ma molekyulu kuyambira 400 mpaka 600 kDa ndipo mawonekedwe awo a mankhwala ndi ovuta komanso oxidized kwambiri.

Mu G. lucidum, mankhwala a triterpenes amachokera ku lanostane, yomwe ndi metabolite ya lanosterol, biosynthesis yomwe imachokera ku cyclization ya squalene. Kutulutsa kwa triterpenes kumachitika pogwiritsa ntchito zosungunulira za ethanol. Zomwe zimapangidwira zimatha kuyeretsedwanso ndi njira zosiyanasiyana zolekanitsa, kuphatikiza HPLC yachizolowezi komanso yosinthira.

Ma triterpenes oyambirira olekanitsidwa ndi G. lucidum ndi ganoderic acid A ndi B, omwe adadziwika ndi Kubota et al. (1982). Kuyambira pamenepo, ma triterpenes opitilira 100 okhala ndi zida zodziwika bwino zamakina ndi masanjidwe a mamolekyulu akuti amachitika ku G. lucidum. Pakati pawo, oposa 50 adapezeka kuti ndi atsopano komanso apadera kwa bowa. Ambiri ndi ma ganoderic ndi lucidenic acid, koma ma triterpenes ena monga ganoderals, ganoderiols, ndi ganodermic acids adadziwikanso (Nishitoba et al. 1984; Sato et al. 1986; Budavari 1989; Gonzalez et al. 1999; . 2002; 2007;

G. lucidum mwachiwonekere ili ndi ma triterpenes, ndipo ndi gulu ili la mankhwala omwe amapatsa therere kukoma kwake kowawa ndipo, akukhulupirira, amapereka pa iwo mapindu osiyanasiyana azaumoyo, monga kutsitsa lipid-kutsitsa ndi antioxidant zotsatira. Komabe, zomwe zili mu triterpene ndizosiyana m'malo osiyanasiyana komanso kukula kwa bowa. Mbiri ya triterpenes yosiyana mu G. lucidum ingagwiritsidwe ntchito kusiyanitsa bowa wamankhwala ndi mitundu ina yokhudzana ndi taxonomically, ndipo ikhoza kukhala umboni wochirikiza wamagulu. Zomwe zili mu triterpene zitha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati muyeso wamitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ganoderma