Kunezinhlobo eziningi ezahlukene zokukhishwa kwamakhowe, futhi ukucaciswa kungahluka kuye ngokuthi kukhishwe okuthile kanye nokusetshenziswa okuhlosiwe. Ezinye izinhlobo ezijwayelekile zokukhishwa kwamakhowe zifaka i-reishi, i-chaga, i-lion’s mane, i-cordyceps, ne-shiitake, phakathi kwabanye.
Ukucaciswa kokukhishwa kwamakhowe kungase kuhlanganise izici ezifana nokugxiliswa kwezinhlanganisela ezisebenzayo, indlela yokukhipha, ubumsulwa, kanye nekhwalithi. Isibonelo, ukugxila kwe-beta-glucans noma amanye ama-polysaccharides kuvame ukusetshenziselwa ukwenza ukukhishwa kwamakhowe kufane.
Ekugcineni, ukucaciswa kokukhishwa kwamakhowe kuzoncika emkhiqizweni othile kanye nokusetshenziswa kwawo okuhlosiwe, kanye nanoma yiziphi izidingo zokulawula zemakethe ethile noma imboni.
Ama-extracts amanzi amakhowe kanye ne-alcohol izindlela ezimbili ezivamile zokukhipha ama-bioactive compounds kumakhowe. Umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwalezi zindlela ezimbili zokukhipha imi kanje:
I-solvent: Njengoba igama lisho, izingcaphuno zamanzi amakhowe zenziwa kusetshenziswa amanzi njenge-solvent, kuyilapho okukhishwe kotshwala kusebenzisa i-ethanol njenge-solvent.
Izinhlanganisela ezisebenzayo: Okukhishiwe kwamanzi ngokuvamile kunothile ngama-polysaccharides afana ne-beta-glucans, kuyilapho okukhishwe kotshwala kungase kuqukathe inhlobo ebanzi yezinhlanganisela, okuhlanganisa ama-terpenoids, ama-phenols, namanye ama-metabolite esibili.
Isikhathi sokukhipha: Ukukhishwa kwamanzi kwamakhowe kungenziwa ngokushesha, ngokuvamile phakathi namahora ambalwa, kuyilapho ukukhipha utshwala kungase kudinge isikhathi eside, ngokuvamile izinsuku ezimbalwa.
Ukushisa: Ukukhishwa kwamanzi ngokuvamile kwenziwa emazingeni okushisa aphansi, kuyilapho ukukhipha utshwala kuvame ukwenziwa emazingeni okushisa aphezulu ukuze kwandiswe ukunyibilika kwezinhlanganisela ezithile.
Impilo yeshelufu: Okukhishiwe kwamanzi kungase kube nesikhathi seshelufu esifushane kunesikhishwe ngotshwala ngenxa yokuqukethwe kwawo okuphezulu kwamanzi, okungakhuthaza ukukhula kwama-microorganisms.
Ekugcineni, ukukhetha kwendlela yokukhipha kuzoncika ekusetshenzisweni okuhlosiwe kwe-extract kanye nezinhlanganisela ezithile ze-bioactive ezifiswayo. Kokubili okukhishwe kwamanzi notshwala kungaba usizo ekukhiqizeni okukhishwe kwamakhowe okunezici zokwelapha ezihlukene.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Apr - 23 - 2023